The Key to Successful Concluding Sentence Example

The Key to Successful Concluding Sentence Example The Meaning of Concluding Sentence Example Nothing can be easier than to compose the last paragraph with our on-line generator! In the event the sentence is meant for commentary, then utilize commentary sentence starters. A concluding sentence ought to be an overview of the preceding discussion, not incorporate any new details. After that, make into an entire paragraph. A conclusion stipulates some last judgments on the major subject of the text and terminates a topic on a rational point. It is the end of the paragraph. A conclusion starter is just a phrase that highlights that you'll be coming to the conclusion of your written explanation, and frequently the conclusion starter hints which you are summarizing the concepts that have come before. An effective conclusion is thorough and elaborative, it gives a crystal clear and robust idea regarding the whole text. Some essays might just speak about similarities, while some may just speak about differences. Quite frequently, you want to be certain the reader doesn't overlook something, and that means you will need to let them know to look closely at the sentence by starting it in one of these ways. In the event the writer has not had a chance to interject an opinion about the subject, the last thought is the previous opportunity to achieve that. Many writers don't realize that it closes out the last thoughts about this issue on which they're writing. SCI record guide entries in several cases are described at a subspecies-level with a few subspecies known as difficult or dangerous in addition to others maybe perhaps maybe not, particularly for elk and mule deer subspecies. Conclusions are a part of daily life. Many factors demonstrate that. For this reason, you should deal with all challenges if you intend to reside close to the sea! The War Against Concluding Sentence Example Another critical step you will need to keep in mind is the value of having a suitable conclusion. Even in case you win, you won't have sufficient strength to continue! Each purpose has lots of words you are able to pick from. The remaining portion of the sections are different based on the sort of assignment. Ending an essay with similar scenario might help to demonstrate your point and make a better understanding. Slavery was one of the clearest ones. As soon as it's always important to receive your essay off on the perfect start with a strong and engaging introduction, lots of people may acquire lazy toward the conclusion of their writing. Speaking of narrative essays, you will need to stay in mind that you're telling a story. Distinct words and phrases can be utilized in various pieces of an essay. Utilizing a quotation at first or end of the paper gives an excellent impression. Sentence Frames Sentence frames supply a chance for students to use key vocabulary whilst providing a structure which may be higher than that which they could produce independently. Transitions are equally as critical when writing and for similar factors. What Concluding Sentence Example Is - and What it Is Not You'll find all of the information that you need right here, including a number of the best examples. To begin with, you have to think of a suitable topic based on its category, then conclude in a manner that provokes the curious minds of your readers. At length, it's highly advised that you make the most of professional writing help to turn your essay generally engaging and irresistible to the admission committee, not just in using excellent sentence starters but in all facets. Conclusion, in this instance, is your tool to reveal your understanding of this issue and make the previous impression on your audience. The Most Popular Concluding Sentence Example A concluding sentence may be used to provide a review of the principal points of the paragraph. A concluding sentence is the last sentence in every paragraph. A concluding sentence plays a critical part in every paragraph. A concluding sentence is utilized to signal your paragraph is coming to a finish. In other words, you wrap up the principal points in 1 sentence. It's possible to use a concluding sentence to state how you want to observe things change later on. There are many ways where the concluding sentence within this illustration can be written.

Dehumanisation in Dystopian Literature - 2202 Words

‘The twentieth century has seen a rise in the appearance of a distinctive literary sub-genre, the dystopian or anti-utopian novel with dehumanisation as its dominant theme.† To what extent do ‘1984’ and ‘Brave New World’ depict a dehumanised society? Both Orwell’s ‘1984’ and Huxley’s ‘Brave New World’ certainly deny humanness to the characters in their novels. Kelman defines humanness as having two key attributes, identity and community. Dehumanisation occurs when these are removed from society. It is true that individuality is denied to citizens and although the community remains, it is subverted in order to fit the government ideal. It can therefore be said that dehumanisation occurs as people are denied and identity and the true†¦show more content†¦Eddie Marcus states â€Å"dystopias impose authoritarian control over language in order to prevent formulation of heterodox thought† and this is very apparent in ‘1984’. Although characters’ use of language in ‘Brave New World’ is also restricted, whereby the traditional meaning of language is debased, it is not to the same extent as the language restriction in ‘1984.’ The World state, just like The Party, uses language in order to restrain its people. One of the ways it does this is through hypnopedia, which invades the thoughts of people in their sleep during infancy, conditioning them to think and behave in a certain way. For example â€Å"I’m glad I’m not an Epsilon.† These statements are dehumanising in the sense that they force people to identify with a collective group, for example â€Å"an Epsilon† rather than an individual. The use of hypnopedia causes the loss of individuality and is, therefore, a means of dehumanisation. These slogans are repeated by Lenina, showing how The World state has invaded the thought processes of the people. Language is associated with powerful human em otion and the World State has sacrificed these emotions in the name of social stability. This has lead to a change in the meaning of many words. For example, ‘Love’ is now equated with sexual activity and â€Å"milk† has become â€Å"pasteurised external secretion.† Huxley’s use of language in ‘Brave NewShow MoreRelated`` The Handmaid s Tale `` By Margaret Atwood And Gary Ross1542 Words   |  7 PagesAtwood and Gary Ross’ 2012 film ‘The Hunger Games’ are dystopian texts that reflect the genre of dystopian literature and the context in which they were composed. The conventional themes through which they do this are uniformity, technology and removal from present time as well as how these concepts are manipulated to create new meanings. In Atwood’s 1986 novel ‘The Handmaid’s Tale’ the theme of uniformity, conventional to dystopian literature arises from the consideration of America’s fundamentalistRead MoreAnalysis Of Amaryllis By Carrie Vaughn And Jordon s Water Hammer 868 Words   |  4 Pagesclassification of the dystopian genre. Intro: ïÆ'Ëœ Brief background about dystopia genre ïÆ'Ëœ Short stories discussed- â€Å" Amaryllis† by Carrie Vaughn and â€Å"Jordon’s Waterhammer† by Joe Mastroianni ïÆ'Ëœ Brief summary of the two short stories ïÆ'Ëœ Essay covers setting, plot development and character development. It analyses the dystopian genre ïÆ'Ëœ Both short stories retrieved from â€Å"Brave New worlds† by John Joseph Adams. (Dystopian shot story collection). Setting Most stories set in the dystopian genre follow a similarRead MoreThe Handmaid s Tale By Margaret Atwood1249 Words   |  5 PagesDystopian Research Essay: The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood In the words of Erika Gottlieb With control of the past comes domination of the future. A dystopia reflects and discusses major tendencies in contemporary society. The Handmaid s Tale is a dystopian novel written by Margaret Atwood in 1985. The novel follows its protagonist Offred as she lives in a society focused on physical and spiritual oppression of the female identity. Within The Handmaid s Tale it is evident that through theRead MoreRepresentation of Different Social and Cultural Forces in The Handmaids Tale by Atweeon and Hard Times by Dickens2490 Words   |  10 Pagessubconscious, ultimately however securing consent. Althusser’s list of ISA’s includes religion, the family, the political system, media, literature, art, and most of all, education[i]. Such repressive ideologies and structures are evident within both novels in question yet are used to varying degrees. ‘The Handmaids tale’ follows a ‘Dystopian genre’: an imaginary place where people lead dehumanised and fearful lives; Atwood herself says â€Å"a speculative fiction†¦a slight twist

Master of Public Health Health Promotion

Question: Discuss about theMaster of Public Health for Health Promotion. Answer: Introduction This essay aims to explore the three key issues, which are Evidence and ethics, Readiness, capacity and support and social support. Health promotion enables the individuals for increasing control over and for improving their health conditions. In the recent years, it has moved beyond a focus regarding the behaviour of individuals towards a variety of societal and environmental interventions. While there is often, a focus on the nature of interventions the individuals can use when they consider the practice of health promotion. For practicing health promotion effectively, it is important for ensuring the readiness, capacity and support for action. This essay will demonstrate an understanding with respect to each of the issues and will relate each of the issues to an experience in a particular health profession. In addition, the essay will explore the similarities and differences between the issues in health promotion practice. The field of health promotion involves action, which is principally premised on the notion of doing good and aims to improve and promote health. The promoters of health require reliable evidences for identifying the significant health determinants and choosing the activities for promoting health and subsequently evaluating the efficiency of the activities that have been selected (McQueen, 2009). In the field of health promotion, one of the complex issues is evidence, which needs critical examination with respect to the significance, focus principles and ideological issues of the practice of health promotion. It has been argued that the individuals associated with health promotion should be clear regarding the values and the principles behind their activities of health promotion and they should think how the principles, values, data and ideology interact for producing the evidences. In the field of health promotion, evidence is essential because justifications are needed by the health promoters for making the decisions. Evidence, as an issue has become major in this era economic rationalism as the individuals concerned with health promotion are progressively being asked more for giving justifications regarding their activities by presenting with evidences of value (Eldredge et al., 2016). The need of integrating evidence and ethics in the field of health promotion happens to be critical particularly when comprehensive interventions for problems are advocated, but direction for action is restricted. Due to this orientation, it has become more difficult for setting the precincts of ethical oppression with respect to this field. A majority of the individuals associated with the promotion of health may possibly disagree on the ethical grounds in terms of the severe precincts for action (Gould, Fleming Parker, 2012). It is by declaring the irrationality and unfairness of altering anything by means of models, values and preferences that stem exterior to those by the individuals in that selected area, which is to be altered. For instance, taking a community as the selected area of priorities, values and interventions for transformation must originate from the community itself and agents of change should not impose the values, predominantly with respect to those agents of ch ange, which belong to the exterior of the community being considered (Naidoo, 2016). The current context of the individuals and/or environment, which needs to be altered, must be taken into consideration for any intervention. At the other side of the spectrum of change are those individuals who are concerned with practicing the promotion of health with the help of models are dispossessed mainly from their individual viewpoints and epistemology. The individuals who has a belief that the alteration they have it in mind for making it for the populations or individuals are accurate and for betterment (Bauman Nutbeam, 2013). For instance, smoking is considered by several individuals, in the area of health promotion as behaviour, which is unacceptable lacking the value of societal mitigation under several situations or frameworks and hence attempts for stopping smoking. Within the aspects of the discussion of ethics with respect to evidence, five areas, which are predominantly critical for health promotion, include complexity and contextualism, consideration of values and concepts, personal ethics and reflexivity-motivations, insufficient evidence, blame, harm and causality pitfalls. In several areas of the modern practices of health promotion, the exploration of evidence of value must develop into questions that associated with the role of the experts (Braunack-Mayer Carter, 2015). Readiness, capacity and support are important to understand and explicitly consider when designing a health promotion initiative. In health promotion practice, organizational change is an area, which is under-recognized. However, it is essential to bring about the intended changes, which improves the ability of an organization for addressing the issues of health (Casey, Payne Eime, 2012). The experts of change management have underlined the significance to establish the readiness of an organization for change and proposed strategies to create it. The readiness for change of an organization is a many-sided and multi-level construct (Capps, 2014). It differs as a function up to what extent the members of the organization value the changes and how constructively they review the three leading determinants of the potential of implementation: situational factors, availability of resources and task demands (Montemurro et al., 2014). When the readiness of change in an organization is high t hen in that condition, the members of the organization are most probable for initiating the change, exerting bigger endeavors, exhibiting greater determination, and displaying of behaviours that are more cooperative. All of these, results in effective implementation (Edelman, Mandle Kudzma, 2013). For improving health, building capacity is an essential element of efficient practices of health promotion. It may be described as an approach for developing sustainable resources, structures, commitment and skills for enhancing the outcomes of health and the other sectors for prolonging and multiplying the gains in health several times over (Jacobs et al., 2014). A variety of individuals, communities and organizations that possess the ability for addressing the health problems and particularly those problems that comes up beyond social exclusion and social inequity are increased by it (Egger, Spark Donovan, 2013). The approach of capacity building is required by the practices of health promotion for development and interdependence. At times, it has been illustrated as an invisible work in the field of health promotion (Naidoo, 2016). It is mainly the efforts of the practitioners of health promotion and increases the probability that efficient programs of health promotion will be su stained. Capacity building can include the activities as varied as inspecting the opportunities for a plan, developing the skills, asking for support, guiding the creation of associations, supporting the development of policies, and making a contribution to organizational planning (Gould, Fleming Parker, 2012). Capacity building and the concepts that are associated with it are utilized in several fields. It has been noted by Bauman Nutbeam (2013), that partnerships, community, prevention and social determinants are the materials of capacity building across a broad variety of organizations. Additionally, a great deal of work has been carried out which denotes the significance of capacity for working in association and the importance of this in contribution to additional outcomes of health that are effective (Svane et al., 2015). It takes place within the programs and more largely in the systems and is responsible for the greater capability of the individuals, communities and organizations for promoting health. This denotes that the activities of capacity building may be developed within the communities, inter-organizational alliances, groups as well as the individuals in an efficient manner (Montemurro et al., 2014). Support is important to understand an explicitly consider when designing a health promotion initiative. Several studies have identified the important role of institutional organizations for supporting and the execution of Health promotion plan in terms of commitment, guidelines, coordination and finance (Braunack-Mayer Carter, 2015). Support is very much necessary and is required by the health promotion plan. The sense of possession and empowerment has been associated with the financial support, particularly if the individuals who are concerned with health promotion could spend the funds in the way which it should have been spent (Edelman, Mandle Kudzma, 2013). In addition, the institutional organizations should financially support the health promotion plan and should pay for extra contributions and over-time work of the workers of healthcare (Capps, 2014). It had been identified by several researchers that the biggest factor for health promotion is that the health promoters who are not provided with financial incentives do not play an active role in the practice of health promotion and thus this factor becomes a hindrance in the health promotion practices (Bauman Nutbeam, 2013).In addition to the support of the institutional organization, the commitment and attitudes of the staff of the organizational institution play a significant role in the success of the health promotion plan. Besides all these, the health the stakeholders and the organizational institutions can provide support in the form of training and workshops, symposia and manuals containing health information would facilitate the exchange of experiences and knowledge effectively (Chou et al., 2013). Social capital is important for understanding and explicitly considering when designing a health promotion initiative (Murayama, Fujiwara Kawachi, 2012). It can be utilized as a means of health promotion through societal change along with distribution of the resources in a fairer way. It contributes to the area of health promotion by the addition of new knowledge regarding the interventions of social network that may be designed in a best way for meeting the requirements of the target populations. The differentiation of the diverse types of social capital includes bonding, bridging and linking. All of these can be functional for mapping the types of arrangements that available as health-improving or damaging. The bonding of social capital is exemplified by strong associations which are concerned with the strengthening of common functions and individualities as a source of aid and support between the associates. The bridging of social capital is distinguished by the weaker associatio ns that connect individuals from diverse networks collectively and turn into significant basis of information as well as resources. Linking social capital comprises of vertical associations between the individuals in diverse official or institutionalized hierarchies of power (Murayama, Fujiwara Kawachi, 2012). According to the different theorists of social capital, the social networks can result in the collaboration with the positive outcomes and are the important contributors from the diverse viewpoints (Capps, 2014). Bourdieu had specifically viewed social capital as the collection of resources that relate to the individuals networks of official or casual associations. Social capital can lead to the advancement of the interventions of the social network by recognizing the risk for imbalanced distribution of investment as well as returns from the associations of the social network. It also offers a constructive framework for constituting the environments that support health and guide for achieving the best health outcomes. Enlistment and mapping the social capital in the local population may be way to achieve the community action in order to promote the practices of health promotion. It can offer new ideas concerning the processes, which are responsible for influencing the interaction of individuals together with the collaboration and community action in order to promote health in diverse contexts (Bauman Nutbeam, 2013). In the end, it can be concluded that all these three key issues of Evidence and ethics, Readiness, capacity and support and social support have a significant role in the field of health promotion. Evidence is essential because justifications are needed by the health promoters for making the decisions in the field of health promotion. The individuals who are associated with the activities of health promotion are increasingly being asked more for giving explanations concerning their activities by presenting with valuable evidences. Readiness, capacity and support are important for understanding and explicitly considering when designing a health promotion initiative. Social capital contributes to the area of health promotion by adding the new knowledge about the interventions of social network that may be designed in a best way to meet the requirements of the target community. Hence, while designing a health promotion initiative, the health promoters should always take these three keys into consideration for carrying out health promotion practices efficiently. References Bauman, A., Nutbeam, D. (2013).Evaluation in a nutshell: a practical guide to the evaluation of health promotion programs. McGraw Hill. Braunack-Mayer, A., Carter, S. M. (2015). Ethics and health promotion: research, theory, policy and practice.Health promotion journal of Australia: official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals,26(3), 165. Capps, L. (2014, November). Health Promotion and Medical Care in Rural Uganda. In142nd APHA Annual Meeting and Exposition (November 15-November 19, 2014). APHA. Casey, M. M., Payne, W. R., Eime, R. M. (2012). Organisational readiness and capacity building strategies of sporting organisations to promote health.Sport Management Review,15(1), 109-124. Chou, W. Y. S., Prestin, A., Lyons, C., Wen, K. Y. (2013). Web 2.0 for health promotion: reviewing the current evidence.American journal of public health,103(1), e9-e18. Edelman, C. L., Mandle, C. L., Kudzma, E. C. (2013).Health promotion throughout the life span. Elsevier Health Sciences. Egger, G., Spark, R., Donovan, R. (2013). Health Promotion-Strategies and Methods. Eldredge, L. K. B., Markham, C. M., Kok, G., Ruiter, R. A., Parcel, G. S. (2016).Planning health promotion programs: an intervention mapping approach. John Wiley Sons. Gould, T., Fleming, M. L., Parker, E. (2012). Advocacy for health: revisiting the role of health promotion.Health Promotion Journal of Australia,23(3), 165-170. Jacobs, J. A., Duggan, K., Erwin, P., Smith, C., Borawski, E., Compton, J., ... Leeman, J. (2014). Capacity building for evidence-based decision making in local health departments: scaling up an effective training approach.Implementation Science,9(1), 1. McQueen, D. V. (2009). Ethics and evidence in health promotion.Evidence-based public health: Effectiveness and efficiency, 27-40. Montemurro, G. R., Raine, K. D., Nykiforuk, C. I., Mayan, M. (2014). Exploring the process of capacity-building among community-based health promotion workers in Alberta, Canada.Health promotion international,29(3), 463-473. Murayama, H., Fujiwara, Y., Kawachi, I. (2012). Social capital and health: a review of prospective multilevel studies.Journal of Epidemiology,22(3), 179-187. Naidoo, J. (2016).Foundations for health promotion. Elsevier Health Sciences. Street, R. L., Gold, W. R., Manning, T. R. (2013).Health promotion and interactive technology: Theoretical applications and future directions. Routledge. Svane, J. K., Chiou, S. T., Chang, Y. L., Shen, S. H., Huang, C. H., Pan, C. Y., ... Chau, T. T. (2015). Integration of health promotion in clinical hospital departments: standards fulfillment, documentation of needs and service delivery.Clinical Health Promotion

Mine Disasters Essay Example

Mine Disasters Essay Mining disaster in the past have been referred to mining accidents claiming five or more lives. Mine disasters once were really common. In the single year of 1907 there were 18 coal mine disasters.. Among the disasters in 1907 was historys worst the Monongah coal mine explosion, which claimed 362 lives and impelled Congress to create the Bureau of Mines. I will discuss this disaster more later in this paper. Mine accidents have declined dramatically in number and severity through years of research, technology, and preventive programs. Today mine accidents resulting in five or more deaths are no longer common. However preventing recurrence of disasters like those of the past remains a top priority requiring constant attention by management, labor, and government. Thus, it happened in 1907 when the Fairmont Coal Companys mine at Monongah, West Virginia exploded killing 362 men and boys. Congress reacted to the disaster at Monongah by passing and toughening mining laws. Through disasters such as this one and many others it has forced laws and regulations, technology,and training which has brought us into mining as we know it. In 1910, following a decade in which the number of coal mine fatalities exceeded 2,000 annually, Congress established the Bureau of Mines as a new agency in the Department of the Interior. The Bureau was charged with the responsibility to conduct research and to reduce accidents in the coal mining industry. In 1968 less than five miles from Monongah another explosion had happened and the fire which resulted after killed 78 men at the Consol No 9 mines at Farmington, West Virginia. The Farmington explosion resulted in the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 a far reaching document that promised a new day for the men in an industry that had claimed more than 100,000 lives since 1900. We will write a custom essay sample on Mine Disasters specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mine Disasters specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mine Disasters specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Even before the Farmington mine had exploded in 1968, there were a push going on for a better mine safety law. The Johnson Administration introduced a measure in the fall of 1968 that would dramatically strengthen the governments enforcement tools. It went to Congress too late and didnt hold up. Then came the explosion at Farmington and there were new converts to the cause of mine safety. That is when the Nixon Administration expanded upon the Johnson Administration proposals of 1968 and addressed the potential for mine explosions in proposed legislation. President Nixon went on to sign the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 on December 30, 1969. Enforcement powers in coal mines increased greatly, at that time the Act required four annual inspections for each underground coal mine and two inspections for each surface mine. The Act for the first time established mandatory fines for all violations and criminal penalties for knowing and willful violations which was a big step in the right direction in my opinion. The act eliminated non gassy mines from special legal exemptions. All mines were considered gassy and additional inspections were required. The powers of the inspectors were expanded and the nspectors were given the power to close a mine for imminent danger. Miners were given the right to request a Federal inspection. Safety standards for all coal mines were strengthened under the 1969 Act and health standards were also adopted. The Act also provided benefits to miners disabled by black lung disease. The legacy of the Sunshine Mine disaster is reflect ed in greatly enhanced miner training programs and fire protection measures in metal and nonmetal mines across the country. In 1973 the (MESA) Mine Enforcement and Safety Administration was created out of the Bureau of Mines as the first Federal agency with the sole purpose of assuring miners of a safe, healthful working environment. Standards requiring mine emergency and self rescuer training, regular evacuation drills, and two mine rescue teams at underground metal and nonmetal operations were known by April of 1973. On March 9, 1977, the Agency was transferred from the Department of the Interior to the Department of Labor and was renamed the better known Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). The legislation which was signed by President Jimmy Carter, repealed the Federal Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety Act and amended the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 to combine protection of coal and metal and nonmetal miners under a single law, the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (the Act). Following passage of the Act, additional required miner training, increased MSHA enforcement activities, and upgraded fire prevention standards continued to teach the hard learned lessons from fires at mines such as Cargill Salt Mine, Belle Isle, Louisiana and the Sunshine Mine at Kellogg, Idaho. The new Act of 1977 required at least four complete inspections of all coal and non coal underground mines and two f all surface mines each year. Among other important changes the new law provided for procedures to speed up the regulation making process and stronger ways force compliance with Federal health and safety standards. This included increased capability of dealing with the most dangerous mine hazards, increased emphasis on protection of miners healt h, greater involvement of miners or their representatives in processes affecting worker health and safety, and improved procedures for assessing and collecting civil penalties imposed for violating mine health or safety requirements. Mine accidents have declined greatly in both number and severity as a result of years of research, technology, education, and preventive programs. During my career mine accidents resulting in five or more deaths are no longer common. One thing remains the same preventing the recurrence of disasters like those of the past remains a top priority requiring constant attention by management, labor, and government. The Sago Mine disaster was a coal mine explosion that had occurred on January 2, 2006, the Sago Mine was located in West Virginia. The explosion had trapped 13 men for nearly two ays with only one miner surviving. It was the worst mining disaster in the West Virginia since the 1968 Farmington Mine disaster that killed 78 people. The previous year the mine had been cited by the MSHA 208 times for violating regulations, and had a history of roof falls. Violations had included failure to follow the approved roof control and mine ventilation plans and problems concerning emergency e scape ways and required pre-shift safety examinations. The explosion occurred at approximately 6:30 a. m. at the beginning of the first shift after the mine reopened after New years holiday weekend. An examination conducted at 5:50 am by a mine fire boss had cleared the mine for use. Two man buses of miners were making their way into the mine to begin work. Early reports noted that there was a thunderstorm in the area at the time and suggested a lightening strike near the mine entrance may have ignited methane but no one reported seeing such a strike. Sensors from the U. S. National Lightning Detection Network indicated at least two lightning strikes near the mine. Another early theory was that lightning struck a methane well that had previously been drilled from the surface to an area behind the seals. Methane wells are used to extract methane from coal seams and sometimes from sealed areas when methane levels are high. Fourteen men on the second man bus escaped the initial explosion. The 12 trapped miners were on the first man bus which apparently passed the point where the explosion occurred. The foreman on the second trip whose brother was among those trapped the mine superintendent and three others entered the mine to rescue the trapped miners. They into the mine until gas detectors indicated there was too much carbon monoxide to continue. Although they were false reports of he 12 miners found alive there were only 1 Randal Mcloy jr. Randal McCloy Jr. wrote a letter to the families of the victims. McCloy wrote that three weeks before the explosion he and Junior Toler while drilling a bolt hole a gas pocket which detectors confirmed the presence of methane. He said they immediately shut down the roof bolter and the incident was reported up the line to our superiors. He stated he noticed the following day that the gas leak had been plugged with glue normally used to secure the bolts. On the day of the explosion just after exiting the man trip the mine filled quickly with umes and thick smoke and that breathing conditions were nearly unbearable and that at least four of the emergency oxygen packs were not functioning. He shared his rescuer with Jerry Groves, while Toler, Jesse Jones and Tom Anderson sought help from others. He said they were not enough rescuers to go around. Because of the bad air they had to abandon their escape attempt and return to the coal rib where we hung a curtain to try to protect ourselves. The curtain created an enclosed area of about 35 feet. They attempted to signal their location to the surface by beating on the mine bolts and plates. That effort caused them to breathe much harder and use more oxygen. After becoming exhausted they stopped trying to signal. The air behind the curtain grew worse so he tried to lie as low as possible and take shallow breaths he said he could tell that it was gassy. According to McCloy, Toler and Anderson tried to find a way out. The heavy smoke and fumes caused them to quickly return. There was just so much gas. At that point the miners began to accept their fate. Toler led them all in the Sinners prayer. They prayed a little longer then someone suggested that they each write letters to their loved ones. He said he became very dizzy and lightheaded and that some drifted off into what appeared to be a deep sleep and one person sitting near him collapsed and fell off his bucket not moving. It was clear that there was nothing he could do to help him. The last person he remember speaking to was Jackie Weaver who reassured him that if it were their time to go then God’s will would be fulfilled. As my trapped coworkers lost consciousness one by one the room grew still and he continued to sit and wait unable to do much else. He have no idea how much time went by before he also passed out from the gas and smoke, awaiting escue. There we many investigation which came up with possible theorys as followed:Lightning strike and seismic activity, Use of foam rather than concrete seals, Proximity with active gas and oil wells, Sparks from restarting machinery after holiday. After the disaster there were many provision that would, mandate equipment to communicate with miners, locate miners, a nd provide sufficient caches of air, Rescue teams must be staffed and on site, Operators must notify the MSHA immediately when there is an accident, Any coal operator who fails to do so will be ubject to a $100,000 fine and/or 12 to 15 years imprisonment, The bill would mandate a rapid notification and response system, The bill would create a new mandatory minimum penalty of $10,000 for coal operators that show negligence or reckless disregard for the safety standards of the Mine Act,The bill would nullify an MSHA rule issued in 2004 that authorizes the use of belt entries for ventilation, which may have caused fire in another accident at Alma, The bill would create a science and technology transfer office in MSHA to pull research and development ideas rom other federal agencies for use in the mines,The bill would create an ombudsman in the Labor Department’s Inspector General office for miners to report safety violations. Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response (MINER) A ct after the Sago and Darby Mine explosions in 2005 and 2006 I have read many notes left to the families of the miners trapped in disaster not only this one and we keep one posted on our mine rescue station door to remind us why we are doing what we do he is the letter: Ellen, darling, goodbye for us both. Elbert said the Lord has saved him. Do the best you can with the children. We are all praying for air to support us, but it is getting so bad without any air. Horace, Elbert said for you to wear his shoes and clothing. It is now 1/2 past 1:00. Powell Harmon’s watch is in Andy Woods’ hand. Ellen, I want you to live right and come to heaven. Little Elbert said he trusted in the Lord. The bad air is closing in on us fast. Dear Ellen, I leave you in bad condition, but set your trust in the Lord to help you raise my little children. Elbert said for you all to meet him in heaven, for all of the children to meet us both. Raise the children the best you can. Oh how I wish to be with you. Goodbye, all of you, Goodbye. Bury me and Elbert in the same grave by little Eddie. Goodbye Ellen, Goodbye Lillie, Goodbye Jimmie, Goodbye Minnie, Goodbye Horace. Oh God, for one more breath. Ellen, remember me as long as you live. Goodbye darling. It is 25 minutes after 2:00. There are few of us alive yet. Jake and Elbert. The Aracoma Mine accident had happened when a conveyor belt in the Aracoma Mine No. 1 at Logan WV caught fire. The conveyor belt ignited on the morning of January 19, 2006, pouring smoke through the gaps in the Stopping line and into the intake that the miners were supposed to se for their escape, obscuring their vision and ultimately leading to the death of two of them. If the stoppings had been in place they would have prevented any smoke from the conveyor belt to the intake the primary source of air for workers inside the mine. Instead investigators now believe, smoke flooded into the air intake, which also serves as an escape route, disorienting two of the min ers, who became lost and died in the fire. The two men, Ellery Hatfield, 47 and Don Bragg, 33, died of carbon monoxide poisoning when they became separated from 10 other members of their crew. The others held hands and edged through the air intake amid dense smoke. As the federal agency that conducts research to advance mine safety and personal protective technologies, moves the results of research to workplace practice, and tests and certifies respirators for workplace use, NIOSH is working with diverse partners to plan, support, and carry out research that addresses those needs. Areas of focus include:Innovative designs for SCSRs that will provide air to users for longer durations. NIOSH is interested in new technologies for training that simulates actual respirator use. Realistic training that can be done frequently and efficiently will improve miners’ ability to escape. Changes in requirements for evaluating and testing SCSRs . Collaboration with the Mine Safety and Health Administration to update current training modules for donning SCSRs. Updates will incorporate guidance on the donning of multiple SCSRs during an emergency escape, reflecting new requirements under the MINER Act of 2006. Those provisions require mine operators to provide individual miners with immediate access to at least two SCSRs, and to store extra units along escape ways. Aracoma brought about more of training and provision to strengthen their ability to inspect better and enforce laws and regulations in place such as:better tools for cracking down on companies with patterns of violations, stronger protections for whistle blowers, stiffer criminal penalties and quick fix injunctive relief that would let the Department of Labor act decisively against an operator when it identifies an immediate threat The Upper Big Branch Mine disaster occurred on April 5, 2010 underground at Massey Energys Upper Big Branch mine at in Raleigh County, West Virginia. Twenty nine out of thirty one miners at the site were killed. The explosion occurred at 3:27 pm. The accident was the worst in the U. S. since 1970. High methane levels were detected and subsequently an explosion from an unknown source occurred. Twenty five men were initially killed. Four days later the four missing men were found dead for a total of 29 deaths. While investigations is still ongoing, officials have speculated that it may have been caused by a spark from a mantrip. Due to the large area and concentration of toxic gases mine rescue teams were able to enter and kept getting ulled out delaying rescue and recovery efforts until holes were drilled for ventilation. They were many problems in the past with violations as with many mine who have had disasters miners were scared some even left notes before the explosion and due to the size of the explosion there had to be large amounts of dust as well as methane of course Massey is denying their responsibility they have already prosecuted some officials I would write more on this disaster that we all have heard many reports and are familiar with this disaster but I do not wish to speculate ore until the investigations are complete and I am stating facts instead of opinions I would not like to speculate on something that has effected so many lives of my fellow miners and their families. Although they have not really been any changes in laws and since the Upper Big Branch explosion other than the non-combustible material has raised to 80% or better in returns instead of 60%. Since the April 2010 explosion the safety agency has also ramped up enforcement created new mine safety screening procedures and conducting 228 impact inspections at mines with poor safety records or other warning signs of problems. The agencys new screening procedures were put in place after officials discovered that a computer error had allowed Upper Big Branch to evade heightened scrutiny. The agency has also proposed new safety rules that would result in speedier enforcement for mines that have shown a pattern of serious violations. The Monongah Mine disaster of Monongah, West Virginia occurred on December 6, 1907 and is labeled as the worst mining disaster in American History. The explosion was said to be caused by the ignition of methane which ignited the coal dust in mines number 6 and 8, killing hundreds of workers. Rescue workers could only work in the mines for 15 minutes due to the lack of breathing equipment. Some of those workers also perished due to suffocation caused by methane oxidation. The lives of 362 or more workers including children were lost in the underground explosion, leaving 250 widows and more than 1000 children fatherless. The exact death toll remains unknown. The worst of the explosion occurred in the No. 8 mine and so great was its force that the concrete roof of the engine house was torn into fragments and one piece weighing more than 100 pounds was blown more than 500 yards. The victims came to their deaths suddenly. Many were found sitting upright in the positions they were in when the explosion came with its spread of deadly gases. The scenes at the mines during the work of rescue were pitiful in the extreme. For several days frantic women grouped about the opening of the mines and their shrieks of agony were enough to move the hardest heart to pity. Grief stricken mothers, wives, sweethearts and sisters waited and watched and cried and prayed. Although the village of Monongah was unprepared for the disaster relief work was quick nd effective. Relief parties were rapidly formed and additional forces were hurried from Fairmont and adjacent cities and towns. But with a few exceptions there was no need for the physician and the rescuer -death to those in the mines came fully and suddenly and without suffering. The mine officials as well as the officials of the B. O. Railroad Company took an active part in the relief and many acts of bravery were performe d by the volunteers who entered the mines in search of the victims. Appeal for funds with which to carry on the relief work mong the families of those who perished met with a quick response. The sole survivor of the blast was Peter Urban. He found a small foxhole to climb out before the toxic gases reached him. Some believe that several other men escaped with him but there is little evidence to validate that. Although they are some difference in these explosions they are similarities between them. Most of them the true cause may never be known. Many of them had also been repeat offenders of violations. From all mining disasters they have been new laws or regulations with stiffer compliance, improved training and technology. If you couldnt tell from the Upper Big Branch you can see that when a disaster happens in the mines West Virginia supports each other all miners are familys and close and we support each other. Although the mining industry remains dangerous we have took great strides for improved safety and will continue to pursue that goal, not only have we made great strides in the mining but also in Mine Rescue from training and equipment improvements and hopefully many more will come in to be better prepared to save the lives of fellow miners if such a disaster was to happen again.

Cross of Gold Essays

Cross of Gold Essays Cross of Gold Essay Cross of Gold Essay In 1896. three old ages after the Panic of 1893 . a adult male by the name of William Jennings Bryan delivered one of the most historical addresss to this twenty-four hours. In the late 1800’s a populist motion was go oning and people were get downing to take notice. Political corruptness and large concern patterns hurt non merely labourers. but besides husbandmans. When husbandmans organized into confederations. and finally into the Populist Party. they posed a challenge to the reigning bipartisan system. During the 1896 elections the Populist Party had begun to turn and derive impulse. they had put a senator in office and taken over the Kansas province Legislature. The election of 1896 was known as the battle of the standards because it focused chiefly on the gold versus Ag criterions of money. Peoples wanted speedy solutions to the economic crisis and the support of free Ag mintage began to lift in 1894. During the Democratic Convention William Jennings Bryan delivered the Cross of Gold address. This address is considered one to the most good known political addresss. This address when reviewed with the historical context and Bryan’s political point of position creates a great description of what our state was traveling through in the early to mid 1890’s and the importance and significance of the 1986 presidential election. In 1894. 20 Democratic province platforms called for a free mintage of silver despite President Cleveland’s resistance. Power from the party shifted to the South and its mentality reflected the positions of Southerners and Democrats became a sectional party. no longer a national party. As a consequence this left the Democrats without a leader and this is where Bryan got involved. The republicans had defeated their Ag platform and wanted the gilded criterion. Bryan wanted to take the Ag Democrats and felt that he could. He delivered the Cross of Gold address and won the presidential nomination the following twenty-four hours. This address is supposed to derive the blessing from the Democratic Party and to acquire Bryan into the Presidential election. He was successful at both of these. William jennings bryans chief statement in his address is that the gilded criterion will non assist the state as it struggles with unemployment and high involvement rates and everything else the Panic of 1893 created. The state needed to acquire out of this rut and needed to make it now. He believed that Ag mintage was the manner to carry through this. When Bryan says Having behind us the bring forthing multitudes of this state and the universe. supported by the commercial involvements. the laboring involvements. and the toilers everyplace. we will reply their demand for a gilded criterion by stating to them: You shall non press down upon the forehead of labour this Crown of irritants. you shall non crucify world upon a cross of gold. . he makes the point that by accepting the gilded criterion they would be killing the state. And that the gilded criterion would non convey the state out of the depression they were in. It would do the state fail. Another traveling quotation mark in this address is You come to us and state us that the great metropoliss are in favour of the gilded criterion ; we reply that the great metropoliss rest upon our wide and fertile prairies. Burn down your metropoliss and go forth our farms. and your metropoliss will jump up once more as if by thaumaturgy ; but destruct our farms and the grass will turn in the streets of every metropolis in the state. This shows that yes the great metropoliss are in favour of the gilded criterion but they don’t understand what the remainder of the state is traveling through. They are dependent on the farms and agribusiness of the U. S. and if the metropoliss fail they can reconstruct them and repair them. but if the farms fail there is nil that can repair this. The husbandmans are in desperate demands of aid and the gilded criterion is non th e solution. free Ag is. In this address he besides says Ah. my friends. we say non one word against those who live upon the Atlantic seashore. but the stalwart innovators who have braved all the dangers of the wilderness. who have made the desert to bloom as the rose-the innovators off out at that place [ indicating to the West ] . who rear their kids near to Nature’s bosom. where they can mix their voices with the voices of the birds-out there where they have erected schoolhouses for the instruction of their immature. churches where they praise their Godhead. and graveyards where rest the ashes of their dead-these people. we say. are as deserving of the consideration of our party as any people in this state. It is for these that we speak. We do non come as attackers. Our war is non a war of conquering ; we are contending in the defence of our places. our households. and descendants. We have petitioned. and our requests have been scorned ; we have entreated. and our prayers have been disregarded ; we have begged. and they have mocked when our catastrophe came. We beg no longer ; we entreat no more ; we petition no more. We defy them. . . . This quotation mark has great significance in the manner that he talks about how he is non stating anything bad about the people populating on the east seashore. who still look to England for thoughts and beliefs ( such as the gilded criterion ) . He talks about the innovators and all they have accomplished. and why they deserve to hold a say in the political universe merely every bit much as the remainder of the state. He is seeking to voice all their ideas and positions in this address. Bryan battles for the people who are fighting to populate and back up their households and places. He says that they must no longer implore or petition but instead withstand what they ( Republicans ) are seeking to make. Bryan subsequently lost the presidential election to William McKinley. but the address that he gave had greater significance than merely acquiring the Democratic nomination for presidential term. This created a quandary for the democrats because they did non believe any party would back free Ag. so now they were faced with a tough pick. put up their ain campaigner or side with Bryan. Bryan basically split up the Populist Party because half of them thought they should side with the Democrats ( Bryan ) . but the other half were purists and wanted to make it all by themselves. he did non win the election but he stopped the 3rd party and changed the manner the Democratic Party thinks. Without inquiry. William Jennings Bryan’s Cross of Gold address was one of the most of import and impactful address in all of political relations. It changed the ideals of the Democratic Party and maintained the traditional bipartisan system. Without the Acts of the Apostless of Bryan would this state even be afloat still? This address is genuinely one of the greatest addresss I have of all time heard/read is really meaningful as our state is in another large recession and makes you look in the past and see how we have persevered and conquered jobs in the past and provides hope we will get the better of this recession.

How to Meet People in College

How to Meet People in College Knowing how to meet people in college can be more challenging than you might have expected. There are tons of students, yes, but it can be hard to make individual connections in the crowds. If youre not sure where to start, consider one of these ten ideas: Join a club. You dont need to know anyone in the club to join; you just need to have a general interest about the clubs activities and mission. Find a club that interests you and head to a meeting even if its the middle of the semester. Join an intramural sports team. Intramurals can be one of the best features of being in school. Youll get some exercise in, learn some great athletic skills, and of course! make some great friends in the process. Volunteer on or off campus. Volunteering can be an easy way to meet people. If you find a volunteer program or group that shares your values, you can make a difference in your community while also making some personal connections with people just like you. Win-win! Attend a religious service on-campus. Religious communities can be like a home away from home. Find a service you like and the relationships will naturally bloom. Get an on-campus job. One of the easiest ways to meet folks is to get an on-campus job that involves interacting with lots of people. Whether its making coffees in a campus coffee shop or delivering mail, working with others is a great way to get to know a lot of people. Get involved with a leadership opportunity. Being shy or an introvert doesnt mean you dont have strong leadership skills. Whether youre running for student government or just volunteering to organize a program for your club, serving in a leadership role can allow you to connect with others. Start a study group. While the main goal of a study group is to focus on academics, theres also an important social side. Find a few people who you think would work well in a study group and see if everyone wants to help each other out. Work for the campus newspaper. Whether your campus produces a daily newspaper or a weekly one, joining the staff can be a great way to meet other people. Youll not only connect with your fellow staff members, but youll also connect with all sorts of other folks doing interviews and research. Work for the campus yearbook. Just like the newspaper, the campus yearbook can be a great way to connect. Youll meet tons of folks while working hard to document all that happ ens during your time in school. Start your own club or organization! it may sound silly or even intimidating at first, but starting your own club or organization can be a great way to meet other people. And even if only a few folks show up for your first meeting, thats still a victory. Youll have found a few people you share something in common with and who, ideally, you can get to know a little better.

Choose one of the 5 questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Choose one of the 5 questions - Essay Example The purpose of this research paper is to summarize the company’s strategic plan for the next three to five years. In discussing, this document will describe the company’s overall business strategy and IT department strategic plan in ensuring that it align with the business priorities and financial justifications. Further, the researcher will be looking at some of the current strategic issues the company is facing. Business Strategy and Capabilities Medtronic is a global company whose headquarter is located in Minneapolis Minnesota. Historically, the company started developing their facilities in 1967 when the first service center was created in Amsterdam’s Schipohl followed by Kerkrade located in Netherlands. Today, the company has expanded so much that there are facilities all over in the world. It is important to understand how the company has been progressing for the past years and the main challenges that need to be met to achieve their strategic plan. Accord ing to Medtronic, Inc, for the past five years, the company has shown a remarkable growth in sales and revenue (Ford, 2013 B). Despite the noted progress, the company has identified a number of challenges that needed to be solved. ... In this case, the IT cost drivers should be considered when establishing the company’s strategies and objectives as discussed in the following section. Establishing Priorities Studies show that, Medtronic IT department provides the company with excellent products and services across the globe (Michelson, 2013). To fully succeed in the competitive world, IT departments needs to understand the functional team required and how they can utilize their services to solve the challenges identified. For instance, the IT department needs to develop software that tracks the clinical trial data; the company needs to look into China or India since these countries have a high number of graduates’ students each year who are competent and experienced and they would cost the company one quarter of the salaries they would earn in the United States (DeRosa, 2013). Furthermore, this report makes the following suggestion, for the IT department, as a means of solving their challenges. First, the department needs to create a strong IT team that would support and implement the goals and objectives set by the strategy team. There is a need to have a team that would conduct analysis that would enhance positive growth in the company and ensure that there is a small group of IT staff that facilitate daily activities (Oppenheimer, 2013). The IT standardization would help the Company to lower costs and provide opportunities to innovate new products. Overall, the IT department’s information of the business world would help the company achieve its missions and values. Background Medtronic is headquartered in Minneapolis and was founded in the year 1949. It is an international supplier of

The Development of diazepam as an anxiolytic Essay

The Development of diazepam as an anxiolytic - Essay Example Later, diazepam was marketed in 1963 by Hoffmann–La Roche under the trade name Valium. Thus two drugs emerged as the most successful commercially available drugs revolutionizing the science of anti-anxiolytic drugs. By the year 1970s they potentially replaced older drugs for sedative and hypnotic uses (Shorter, 2005). Diazepam belongs to benzodiazepine group. Diazepam acts on ascending reticular formation (responsible for wakefulness) in midbrain and on limbic system (responsible for thought). Muscle relaxation is produced by primary medullary site of action and ataxia is due to action on cerebellum (Tripathi, 2008; Rang & Dale, 2007; Brunton, 2005). Diazepam binds to benzodiazepine binding site on GABAA receptor Cl- channel complex. GABAA receptor is a pentameric structure (like a lily flower). It contains many sub-units and encloses Cl- channel. The opening of Cl- channel is modulated by GABA. Diazepam by binding to benzodiazepine binding site (ÃŽ ±/ÃŽ ³ subunit interface) facilitates GABA action (more amount of GABA will bind to GABAA receptor). It is not a GABA mimetic, it only facilitates GABA mediated Cl- channel opening. Opening of Cl- channel causes influx of Cl- ions and causes hyperpolarization. This decreases the firing rate of neurons. Therefore it possesses hypnotic action- induction of sleep- reticular activating system- depresses CNS- decreases the spread of epileptic discharge, therefore possesses anticonvulsant action (Tripathi, 2008; Rang & Dale, 2007; Brunton, 2005). The chloride channel is gated by the primary ligand GABA acting on GABAA receptor located on the ÃŽ ²- subunit. The benzodiazepine (BZD) receptor located on the interface of ÃŽ ± and ÃŽ ³ subunits modulates GABAA receptor in either direction (Tripathi, 2008). Oral absorption of Diazepam is good. Diazepam is widely distributed in body; absorption from intramuscular site of administration is

Brand management Essay Example for Free

Brand management Essay 1) What is the product mix of Trung Nguyen? What are the key attributes of its coffee? How do these attributes help Trung Nguyen to differentiate itself from its competitors? The product mix refers to the total composite of products offered by Trung Nguyen coffee. It consists of different product lines, various product items in each product line and within each item is the product depth. Firstly, the product line is a group of product or service items that are closely related because they are sold to the same consumer groups, are marketed through the same types of outlets, have similar usage or fall within given price ranges. Thus, Trung Nguyen Coffee’s product lines are: Trung Nguyen Coffee, Passiona Coffee and G7 Instant Coffee. The Passiona Coffee targets at consumers looking for low-caffeine coffee and especially women, while the G7 Instant coffees are made for people who are too busy to brew a cup of coffee themselves. Trung Nguyen Coffee has 3 different product items, namely Creative Coffee, Blend Coffee and Espresso Coffee. Passiona Coffee consists of 2 product item, Passiona roasted coffee and Instant Passiona coffee. As for the G7 Instant Coffees, the product items are G7 Pure soluble, G7 Cappuccino and G7 Instant 3-in-1 coffee. Lastly, product depth is the number of variants in a product item. Trung Nguyen’s product depth of Creative coffee includes the Weasel Coffee and Legendee Coffee. Also, some variations of G7 Cappuccino are the Mocha G7 cappuccino and Hazelnut G7 cappuccino. Different sizes of coffees are considered as product depth as well. For example, the G7 Instant 3-in-1 coffee is sold in 3 different sizes: a box of 18 cafe sticks, a bag of 22 sachets or a bulk pack bag of 100 sachets. Table1: Summary of product mix of Trung Nguyen | Product lines| | Trung Nguyen Coffee| Passiona Coffee| G7 Instant Coffee| Product items| -Blend coffee-Espresso coffee-Creative coffee Product depth: Weasel coffeeLegendee coffee| -Passiona roasted coffee-Passiona instant coffee| -G7 Pure soluble-G7 cappuccinoProduct depth:Mocha G7 cappuccinoHazelnut G7 cappuccino-G7 instant 3-in-1Product depth:box of 18 cafe sticksbag of 22 sachetsbulk pack bag of 100 sachets| Key attributes refer to the most important characteristics of a product. Trung Nguyen makes its point of difference through its key attributes like using the best coffee beans, unique brewing style and the new coffee concept. Trung Nguyen has a unique selling point because some coffees offered cannot be found anywhere else. Its coffees are authentically Vietnamese. For example, the Weasel coffee is produced based on the legend in Vietnam. To differentiate itself from its competitors, these key attributes must communicate benefits for consumers. The coffee offered by Trung Nguyen is of a higher quality compared to other coffee brands because they use the best coffee beans sourced from four of the world’s best coffee-growing regions. In addition, Trung Nguyen is awarded with the EureGAP certificate for its good agricultural practices such as having consistently good quality coffee beans and using environmentally friendly technologies. Coupled with their oriental secrets, consumers would prefer Trung Nguyen because their coffee is brewed much more aromatic and rich. Trung Nguyen used their new concept of coffee to set up a â€Å"Creative Coffee House† in order to differentiate itself and gain market share. It is now well-known for the innovative clubhouse whereby customers can enjoy coffee in a beautiful and sentimental ambience while experiencing Vietnamese cultural events and exhibitions. For consumers who value such innovative product services, they will choose Trung Nguyen’s coffee over the other â€Å"grab a coffee to go† coffee styles. 2) What are the roles of branding? What are the benefits of branding to sellers and buyers in the coffee market. The role of branding is to create an identity for the product. The identity created can have some personalities and can gain brand equity. Benefits of branding Some benefits of branding for sellers of the Trung Nguyen coffee are that they are able to accentuate the bases of differentiation from its competitors due to its distinct identity. They can obtain legal protection like trademarks to avoid copycats of their brand. The counterfeit products are capable of stealing Trung Nguyen’s sales when consumers are unsure of how the real packaging of coffee looks like. There is also a chance for the counterfeit coffee to ruin Trung Nguyen’s reputation. Consumers who bought the counterfeit coffee by mistake may view Trung Nguyen to be of a lousier quality instead. All this would be effectively prevented by branding because counterfeiting is an offense. Brand equity is created by branding and careful marketing. Trung Nguyen can in turn earn higher profits as consumers are willing to pay a higher price for this particular brand of coffee. Also, brand equity can lead to higher economic value of the brand, whereby it becomes an asset for Trung Nguyen when it wishes to sell its brand. Last but not least, Trung Nguyen can achieve brand loyalty through creating preferences towards their brand. If Trung Nguyen coffee is able to sustain a consistently good quality coffee product, consumers would remember the brand, spread the word around and continually purchase its coffee. On the buyers end, they may reap the most benefits from Trung Nguyen’s branding. Coffee is a convenience product and it is important to make it easy to find. Consumers will be able to correctly identify the products in a short period of time due to Trung Nguyen’s branding thus becoming more efficient shoppers. Furthermore, consumers may gain assurance of product quality and performance. Employees need to ensure products offered are of consistently good quality and so are specially trained to deliver this promise. Consumers will remain loyal to Trung Nguyen coffee because they are satisfied with this brand and have no need to search for another. 3) What constitutes the brand identity of Trung Nguyen? What is your evaluation of this identity? How can the brand identity be improved? Brand identity is the noticeable elements of a brand and also what the organization wants consumers to perceive the brand as. It constitutes of â€Å"Trung Nguyen† as its name, the logo and its tagline â€Å"Explore creative inspiration† A successful brand name should reflect the personality and values of the brand, be simple, memorable, positive and emotional. A logo is the image that embodies an organization. It is one of the most prominent branding elements that consumers will think of when someone mentions the company. A good brand logo should be memorable, futuristic and consistent and be able to portray the benefits to its target audience. The tagline must be simple and easy to remember. It also needs to remain short since the tagline is always incorporated into many marketing pieces. Evaluation of brand name: Consumers associate Trung Nguyen to â€Å"Central highlands† which refers to Dak Lak, the county capital of coffee where green coffee is grown. This gives an advantageous association between Trung Nguyen and high quality and fresh coffee beans. Also, the brand name represents the uniqueness and richness of the Vietnamese culture. However, the name Trung Nguyen does not hold any meaning for non-Vietnamese. This may alienate consumers from other parts of the world. Another bad point could be that its name is hard to pronounce for non- Vietnamese consumers. Possible improvements: Because the company’s name has been around since 1996 when it was founded, it cannot be changed otherwise the company has to build up brand awareness from scratch all over again. Thus, the company should work hard in educating people and let them understand the positive association between Trung Nguyen and â€Å"Central highlands†. For example, they could use their existing Internet website and include this under the â€Å"learn more† option. People visiting the website can then learn about the association and slowly adopt Trung Nguyen as their favourite coffee. Evaluation of logo In my opinion, the logo might be a little small and insignificant. Psychological influences such as selective exposure and retention affects consumer buying behaviour. For example, the appealing cup of coffee printed on its packaging of Creative coffee may distract the consumers from the brand name. The logo is also unattractive and boring due to the usage of dull and non-contrasting colours. The font used in the logo has little stylistic variations making it rather boring as well. Possible improvements Firstly, the logo should be scaled to a bigger size. Also, the marketing manager of Trung Nguyen can make use of brighter and more contrasting colours to make its logo more outstanding and attention-catching. The font could be changed to something cursive. This can better capture consumer’s attention thus leaving a deeper impression and resulting in better brand memory and recognition. For example Coca Cola, with its logo in a strikingly bright red background and white cursive words, is very successful at making sure that every consumer remembers it. Evaluation of tagline: Trung Nguyen’s tagline â€Å"Explore creative inspiration† consists of only 3 simple words hence should be relatively easy for everyone to remember. However, Trung Nguyen tagline is still quite foreign to people across the globe as they do not use much above-the-line marketing. Possible improvements Through the print media and mass media, Trung Nguyen can improve this aspect of its brand identity. The marketing manager could set up a Facebook page and make it known to people. Maintaining a Facebook page is relatively low-cost as compared to constant TV advertisements. Because millions of people are using Facebook, it is very effective for Trung Nguyen to get their brand identity across. Another point of improvement also through the mass media is through its online website. Perhaps the tagline can be added in the â€Å"history of Trung Nguyen† tab as it is currently not. On top of that, they can make use of emotional branding to elicit a favourable emotional response. Adding emotional words like â€Å"Happy†, â€Å"Healthy† and â€Å"Beautiful† could boost sales of their coffee. As consumers become increasingly aware of health and beauty these days, Trung Nguyen can market more of their Passiona coffee which is enriched with collagen, vitamin PP and other rare oriental herbs through its tagline. 4) What is the branding strategy of Trung Nguyen? What are the advantages and risks of this branding strategy? Trung Nguyen uses an umbrella branding strategy. Different types of coffees have a sub-brand which combines the corporate brand with a new brand. Trung Nguyen’s Passiona Roasted coffee and Trung Nguyen’s Espresso coffee are 2 examples. Advantages of umbrella branding: Capitalizing on the existing brand equity of Trung Nguyen, it can sell newly introduced products quickly. Consumers who have had a good experience with its coffee will transfer this favourable attitude to new items. For instance, Trung Nguyen’s Creative coffee may have been developed earlier than Passiona coffee. Consumers who liked Creative coffee would have a higher chance of buying the Passiona coffee because they are under the same brand and so would also be of an equally good quality. Furthermore, the Passiona coffee can be set at a higher price as consumers are willing to pay more for brand value. This can bring about additional profits for Trung Nguyen. Another advantage of using an umbrella brand is a lower advertising and promotion costs. Trung Nguyen only needs to come up with a single advertisement because its coffees share one identity. Also, because Trung Nguyen is used on all of the products, level of brand awareness is easy to raise. To name an example of a successful sub-branding strategy, Gatorade has developed and introduced Gatorade Frost, Gatorade G2, Gatorade energy bar, etc into the market and stayed popular being the leading sports drink brand in many countries. Risks of umbrella branding: In every marketing strategy there is bound to be a down side. Some risks of umbrella branding are that the failure of one type of coffee may affect the sales of the whole Trung Nguyen branded products. It is inadvisable to put all the eggs into one basket. For instance, if the production G7 Mocha had some discrepancy that caused the coffee to be too sweet, consumers may feel that the rest of Trung Nguyen packet instant coffees are as sweet and so switch over to Nescafe coffee instead. Secondly, sales of one product item may come at the expense of other items offered in the same product line. Lastly, the meaning of Trung Nguyen may also be diluted with an umbrella branding strategy. Apart from coffee, Trung Nguyen also has other product such as Green Tea, Oolong tea, etc. However, Trung Nguyen refers to Dak Lak, the county capital of coffee and so offering tea as an alternative beverage is not so relevant to the brand name.

The Left and Right Sides of the Brain :: Health Medicine

The Left and Right Sides of the Brain Your brain has two sides. And each has a distinctly different way of looking at the world. Do you realize that in order for you to read this article, the two sides of your brain must do completely different things? The more we integrate those two sides, the more integrated we become as people. Integration not only increases our ability to solve problems more creatively, but to control physical maladies such as epilepsy and migranes, replace certain damaged brain functions and even learn to "thin" into the future. Even more startling is evidence coming to light that we have become a left-brain culture. Your brain's right and left side have distinctly different ways of looking at the world. Your two hemispheres are as different from each other as, oh, Micheal Wilson and Shirley Maclean. The left brain controls the right side of the body (this is reversed in about half of the 15 percent of the population that is left-handed) and, in essence, is logical analytical, judgemental and verbal. It's interested in the bottom line, in being efficent. The right brain controls the left side of the body and leans more to the creative, the intuitive. It is concerned more with the visual and emotional side of life. Most people, if they thought about it, would identify more with their left brain. In fact, many of us think we are our left brains. All of that non-stop verbalization that goes on in our heads is the dominant left brain talking to itself. Our culture- particularly our school system with its emphasis on the three Rs (decidedly left-brain territory) - effectively represses the intuitive and artistic right brain. If you don't believe it, see how far you get at the office with the right brain activity of daydreaming. As you read, your left-side is sensibly making connections and analysing the meaning of the words, the syntax and other complex relation- ships while putting it into a "language" you can understand. Meanwhile, the right side is providing emotional and even humerous cues, decoding visual information and maintaining an integrated story structure. While all of this is going on, the two sides are constantly communicating with each other across a connecting fibre tract called the

Marketing Techniques Essay

The main thing behind marketing in a business is finding the customer’s needs and produce the product/ services to satisfy their needs, this way the customer can choose what they would want included in their product/ service. A business that follows this rule is market-orientated. There is alternatives orientation for businesses, these are; The production concept: This is where the business produces in large quantities and distribute in bulk, this is so the customer/ business get the products cheaper as they will be bulk buying. A business that would do this is Walkers. They make thousands of packets and then sells them to large business such as Tesco, Tesco would be able to buy it for cheaper as they will be buying in a very large amount as they can stock allot of products. However charity shops will sell their products and with the entire surplus they send it off to the charity. An example of this is Oxfam, they will sell their products to the public and with all the surplus is sent off to the project they are currently on. The sales concept: Businesses need to know how to sell their products/ services. If they don’t know how to the business is likely to fail but if a business knows how to sell its goods/ sieves then it is likely to be successful. A type of sales technique is hard selling nor Tesco or Oxfam hard sell but businesses such as Anglian, Everest and Safestyle are usually hard sellers trying to get you to buy double glazing. As you can see some of the sales reps in these businesses have lied about the business just so they can close sales with people on the spot. The marketing Concept: Marketing concept is different to sales and production as it has to take every step with keeping customers in mind as marketing is based around customer’s needs and wishes. An example for this is Tesco they do this with their Tesco Club card every time you shop you swipe your card and the system knows what the customer purchased, so to bring back the customer they will mail you some vouchers which then makes the customer want to come back into the store and shop again. Another business that uses marketing is Curry’s when you purchase something the sales assistant take down your home address so if they have any offers which are similar to what you bought will send you letter informing you about any offers. Marketing definitions: Basic definition of marketing is meeting customer needs and wants profitably. Marketing consists of identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably. Objectives: Private sector The objectives for a private sector business are to maximise profits and expand all over the world. An example for a private sector business is Tesco. They have businesses in the UK and in America called Fresh & Easy. In the screen shot you can see Tesco’s objectives. Public sector The objectives for a public sector business are to provide quality service for the public. An example for this is the NHS as they provide health care for everyone. In the screenshot you can see NHS’s objectives. Voluntary sector The voluntary sector businesses objectives are to raise money for good causes. An example of this is Oxfam they aid anyone to donate any goods so they can sell them and send the money they produce from the goods they sell given to the public to projects they are currently on. As you can see this is one of Oxfam’s shops where they sell goods that have been donated by the public. Organisational objective This is a target for the whole business no matter how big it is. A good example of this is Tesco, Tesco’s objective may be to increase market share to 51%. Marketing objective This is how you are going to achieve it e.g. increase Tesco value products Tesco can produce their own products such as Ben & Jerry ice-cream they can produce a Tesco value version as some people may not be able to afford  £4 ice-cream so the people can buy the alternative which would help Tesco increase their profits. Link between organisational objectives and marketing objectives Marketing objectives shouldn’t be contradicting a business’s main objective, but should be contributing in achieving that. A business will not succeed if it’s been pulled apart in two different directions. An example of this is if Tesco want to increase their sales by a certain percentage then different functional areas have to contribute to achieve this such as advertising they may advertise products that are on offer or any seasonal products e.g. Christmas, new years or valentines. Tesco’s could also send out more offers with their Club Card meaning more customers may shop i n the business. By this way Tesco will be informing a lot more people that they have sales on which might bring more customers into the business. Market leadership This is where a business has the most market share in a given product or service, this could be measured by the amount of goods sold or the value of those goods. If a business wants to become a market leader they need to be 51% or more in sales for it to become a market leader. For example, Tesco is the leading supermarket in the supermarket market place as you can see in this screenshot (January 2012). Charity do no compete with market share as they all have similar aims and objectives but need maximum funds to stay in operation. Some charities will be more valuable then others depending on how much donations they receive. Oxfam is at the top along with cancer research UK, British Heart Foundation and many more. Brand awareness Brand awareness is making people aware of the business and what they do/ sell. Brand awareness is the NHS’s number one objective, they want all of Great Britain’s public to know what they do. Brand awareness may be an individual product or the whole business itself. Tesco may advertise their Tesco club card so people are more aware of the club card you can get when you sign up with them. Perceptions of customers A customer’s perception of a business or a brand often affects their purchasing decision. An example of this is a business might have a lot of brand awareness but their products might not be of the highest quality. This will make the customer not want to come back into the store as they are paying for a cheap quality product. Tesco has a reputation of selling goods a cheap price to everyone, if they start selling their products higher than their competitors then they are likely to lose out on customers and sales which are why they try keep their prices as low as possible. People may also decide to shop at Oxfam for clothes rather than buying clothes from the high street as they know their money goes to good use. Techniques: Growth strategies Businesses grow through their products/ services every time they put a product on the market more and more people will find out about the product. For example Tesco have been using growth strategies as they are expanding with their services, such as Tesco Money, you can now have a credit card with Tesco which people who may don’t normally do not shop at Tesco may have their Tesco credit card. Oxfam use growth strategies through advertising. Every time they advertise someone new will hear about Oxfam and how they are helping to take people out of poverty in third world countries. Survival strategies This is important for all business if they want to keep operating. The reason why Tesco are expanding into different markets is in case one market fails them they have other services which will help them keep out of making a loss for example if Tesco started making cars and sold a few thousand but then was not successful. They are likely to start making a loss but as they are successful in other markets they are unlikely that they would shut down. With Oxfam with all their stores open they can use them stores to survive. Branding Business need to have a strong brand image in order for them to survive. Providing high customer service will increase the brand image. Advertising is also a factor to increase the brand image. Tesco and Oxfam both have a very strong brand image as they are at the top of their tables Tesco is globally a very well known business and Oxfam is also globally well know as they operate in the UK and in third world countries. Relationship marketing Building a relationship with customers is very important for the business as they will think that the business cares about them. Tesco can build relationships with its customers at the tills, the cashier can communicate with the customer building a positive relationship. This is also the same with Oxfam when people buy products from the stores they are building a relationship with the business or if you support Oxfam through direct debit you will receive a welcome pack with updates every month about what the persons many is doing and how they are helping people in poverty.

Obama’s Health Care Reform

Obama’s Health Care Reform Building the universal health care system is one of the campaign promises of the Obama administration. Health care occupies a special place on public finance; it’s different with other goods markets in the daily life. It’s one of the important issues for the government, which associated with people’s life and death. People have high quality health care is a right of all people and should provide as a public service. People got their health insurance from the working companies, the government, or the insurance companies.The health care reform is the large part in Barack Obama’s presidency. On March. 23rd, 2010, finally the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act became law. Obama wants to use health care reform to stimulates the economy in the short run, but also reduce the deficit problem in the long run. This health care reform is the most important transition for the US. As we known US is the only developed countries which doesn’t have universal health coverage, it has more than 40 millions who don’t have health care insurance, also some family can’t afford the high health insurance cost.Also the public funds for the health care are also high; the US has the high cost health care but inefficient operation system. Now the aging problem become more serious, it has more retirees, the elders need more health care, and this increases the pressure of the health care insurance, increase the cost of the health care; also some technique widely used caused the expenditure increase†¦ The Obama’s health care plan quickly increase the number of people who have health care insurance by spending money upfront.The Act includes the health insurance providers are mandated to accept person, charging them the same rate as individuals without conditions; extend the coverage, provides more subsidies to the poor people to get the insurance, provide affordable health coverage for all Am ericans, no matter that are rich or poor; people have choice to select their insurance and doctors, it aims to eliminate some worst practices of the insurance company; reduce the cost and make health insurance more effective.The US would keep the employee-based health insurance to cover most Americans, also create a public insurance system for people who do not have insurance. The employers have to pay into the system for the employees or provide health care insurance as good as the federal system. Also individuals would pay into the public system, the government would give subsidy to lower the cost and make them affordable for the low-level class.As a family, 38% think that the life would be better off, 43% think that there’s no change; As the whole country, we find that 59% think the country will do better after health care reform, 19% think that there would be no change after reform, 12% think their life would be worse off. So to the whole country, most of people support t he reform. Actually, this reform brings the US many changes. To the whole US citizen, it extends coverage through mandated. The health care plan will provide affordable and efficient health insurance coverage for most Americans.So people who in the middle-level class or low-level class have ability to join into this health care plan. They all have right to get high quality health care. US expand the Medicaid range, give subsidy insurance premium to someone were poverty; creating a â€Å"national health insurance exchange†, it’s control by the government and sell insurance to people who don’t have health insurance; As shown in the graph, using the health care plan, the share of the population with health insurance coverage would increase to 93. 3% in 2019, spend about 20. 9% GDP on health care, means that government care more about people’s health.Change the US health care system to lower cost but high quality system. Obama put forward that â€Å"antitrus t laws to prevent insurers from overcharging physicians for malpractice insurance. † This not only reforms the medical malpractice system, regulate the insurance company, but also improve the efficiency of the whole system, improve patient safety. The most important part of Obama’s policy is make investment in health information technology, this strategy nor only improve the health care quality, also reduce the cost in long run society. He provides a competitive insurance market to promote more efficient and more competition.Promoting prevention and strengthening public health. In previous health care plan, less than one in twenty five goes for prevention. Obama’s notion of the health care plan is â€Å"to create the conditions and opportunities that allow and encourage Americans to adopt healthy lifestyles. † Prevention is the national priority, providing opportunities to have healthy lifestyle and keep disease away. .. For example, have more primary care provider and disease prevention program, established National Prevention, Health Promotion†¦ these federal agencies would help to build good promotion and prevention for the country.The government provides special funds for promotion and prevention; this would improve the quality of health care, improve the public health strategy and develop the new technology; provide new prevention technology information and regular screening for people†¦government provide such services to prevent disease by healthy lifestyle. The reform not only affects the health care, but also the economy. The most important impact on industry is the insurance industry.As the demand and for insurance increase because the regulation on employers, also the supply decrease the price is low due to the regulation, this would decrease the cost of health insurance. Recent years, insurance industry is overhead, by this health care reform, it reduces the overhead status and reduces the competition in this ind ustry. Obama’s plan regulate the insurance industry by providing new purchasing pools, standards the health care package, reducing expenses, promoting competition†¦without the reform, government spending on Medicare and Medicaid is unsustainable, also raising during years, by this, the family save a lot.The reform has regulation on employers should provide health insurance to the employees. Also to some small business, the government provide special subsidy fund to help them build the health care plan†¦ Obama’s plan tries to overhaul the previous health care system. He stands as the patient, the health care provider, employers, employees, government†¦ attempt to change aspect from different person’s opinion. This reform changes the current health care system and affects the economy, to build a universal health care system. It has variety advantages, but also it has some problems.Like government require employees to provide employers health insuran ce if they don’t have. To employers, this is not good news, basically, this increase their cost of hiring employers, and means that they should hire less people by the same amount spending. Also American is a democratic state; people have their own right to choose what they want. Obama’s opinion is build the universal health care system, but realization way is force all people to buy health insurance, people lost their right; at the same time, they should provide personal information to the insurance company, including their habits.The most important is government power expansion to the health insurance; Americans lost their own medical decision, the decision power transfers to the government. Also there’s problem whether the cost containment strategies going to support this universal health cares system in long run†¦ Now it’s hard to say the future of this health care reform, weather is good to public, or have some problem, time would tell us the tr uth. According to the short term, the reform is good for Americans and the economics also good for the people who cannot afford the insurance.It has positive impact on the society, become one of a big jump in the history. Citation: 1. http://www. calpoly. edu/~efisher/Econ%20464/NicoleWallen%20Senior%20Project. pdf 2. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Health_care_reform_in_the_United_States 3. http://healthpolicyandmarket. blogspot. com/2008/03/detailed-analysis-of-barack-obamas. html 4. http://www. bing. com/images/search? q=health+care+obama+plan&FORM=BIFD

Solutions for College Dropout Essay Example

Solutions for College Dropout Essay Example Solutions for College Dropout Paper Solutions for College Dropout Paper Essay Topic: College application The Solution to Increasing Dropout Rates While there are many problems college students face while attempting to obtain a degree, the largest hindrance from completion is that of financial ability. One of the largest contributors to college dropout rates is the lack of financial support. Many college students must work either full or part time to support themselves or their families. With the declining economy and increasing costs of college tuition, funds are being scarcely distributed and many college students find that they are unable to continue their education due of this. The degree Of importance placed on college education is in decline, and each year the number of students completing their degree is decreasing. There have been a vast number of surveys and polls of college students and some of the outcomes are astounding. According to the US Department of Education, only 20 percent of young students who enter a two year institution will graduate within three years. While those who enroll in a four year institution have a slightly higher graduation rate of 40 percent in six years. In doffs society higher education is key for the majority of the josh market, but many college students find that even tit a college degree they cannot find work. The standard college student today is no longer 18 years old and enrolling in a four year university program. The new standard that is vastly seen is that of a part-time, older individual who is often working while trying to juggle their busy schedule. According to a report in the New York Times, two-thirds of students said the economic climate had significantly affected their college choice, and 13 percent said they could not afford to attend their first-choice university, the highest percentage since that question was first asked in 2006. With college tuition rates increasing many students without a credential are plunged underwater financially. Men students leave college with no credential and a load of debt, they may be worse off than when they entered. With so many college students facing the financial burdens that college tuition imposes, this has grown to increase the degree completion rate to an all-time high. Students often find themselves forced to choose between continuing their education and simply putting food on the table. It is not surprising to see that many forgo completing their education in order to do so. According too survey of college drop outs, 71 percent of students agreed that the reason for not completing their intended program was that they needed to go to work and make money. Having less off burden to financial responsibility would definitely help many of the students facing these problems. Am proposing a plan to the US. Federal government to implement a new plan for receiving financial aid. This plan will not only be based upon merit and satisfactory grades or financial need, but the biggest change will come from increased rates for trine completed. This new system Will integrate the college dents current course level and anticipated graduation date and base financial aid accordingly. Think of this increase in financial aid for students as you would a raise in a job for performance. The main goal of this program is to provide incentive for students to continue on their education pathway and obtain their degree. The current process for financial aid for a student is based on the students financial status. If a student has an EPIC (Expected gamely Contribution) of O they will qualify for a fully funded Peel Grant which is roughly enough to cover the needs Of one year for a full time community college student. If a student plans to attend a four year university, the current amount of financial aid given does not even cover half Of that cost. The new proposed program Will use the same standards for initial financial aid awarded to a student, but for each year that the student satisfactorily completes their courses, their financial aid Will increase by 15 percent. This new program will be provided to all current and new applicants who are currently eligible to receive a LIST federally funded Peel Grant. The program is to still be funded by the US Federal Government, but to increase he funding for this propose a one percent federal tax increase on all major corporations and businesses with an annual income of $250,000 or greater. This will likely incur great opposition initially as to why the increase in tax rate is on that of large businesses. In response to this, the effort of this new program will be to eliminate additional costly training by employers to undereducated employees. By having college students who are actually obtaining their college degrees working for these large companies, the need for additional training will decline, Thus, saving funds in order to finance the one percent proposed increase to increase financial aid. The proposed program will set to be launched during the upcoming years financial aid process and coincide with the initial financial aid applications. A new committee of current financial aid staff will be formed to oversee the addition to the program, and will be set in place to answer questions and to help prevent fraud. The method for monitoring the students progress is to still be the responsibility Of the institution to where the student is enrolled. If a student fails to enroll for the following year and apply for financial aid, then no increase in financial aid funds Will be provided to them. Also, if any break of one semester or more is taken during the school year the increased financial aid Will be lost. If a student fails to meet the standard 77 or above grade in any course that is being federally funded then financial aid will be lost as well. The program is intended for students who satisfactorily complete a consecutive term year after year until degree completion is obtained. This newly proposed program will help to alleviate the financial burden that many college students face, By offering a greater incentive to students to complete their degree in a Emily manner, the degree completion rate will increase.